Jack-o-Lantern (Omphalotus illudens)
- Photos (Young, Mature, Gills, Glow in the dark)
- Videos
- Description (Habitat, Poisonous Symptoms, etc.)
- Similar Edible Species
- Postage Stamps
- Poison Control Center
Photos (Young):
Photos (Mature):
Photos (Gills):
Photos (Glow in the dark):
Newest Pics Added 11/7/2018:
Videos:
Description:
Omphalotus illudens is commonly called the jack-o’lantern mushroom. It is a large orange mushroom that is often found in clumps on decaying stumps, buried roots or at the base of hardwood trees in eastern North America. Its gills often exhibit a weak green bioluminescence when fresh.
Omphalotus illudens is sometimes confused with edible chanterelles, but is poisonous to humans when eaten, whether raw or cooked, and typically causes vomiting, cramps, and diarrhea. Although some older literature claims the name is synonymous with Omphalotus olearius, phylogenetic analysis confirms they are distinct species.
Toxicity:
The poisonous chemical compounds illudin S and illudin M were isolated from Omphalotus illudens. In addition to their antibacterial and antifungal effects, illudins appear to be the cause of human toxicity when these mushrooms are eaten raw or cooked. Muscarine has also been indirectly implicated in toxicity, but modern studies to demonstrate its presence in O. illudens are needed.
The cytotoxic effect of illudin is of interest for treating some cancers, but illudin itself is too poisonous to use directly so it must first be chemically modified. Inside human cells, illudin S reacts with DNA and creates a type of DNA damage that blocks transcription. This block can only be relieved by a repair system called nucleotide excision repair. Damage in non-transcribed DNA areas is left unrepaired by the cell. This property was exploited by the company MGI Pharma to develop an illudin-derivative called Irofulven for use as a cancer treatment. Its application is still in the experimental phase.
Similar Edible Species:
Chanterelles (Cantharellus cibarius)
Above: Jack-o (Left), Chanterelle (Right)
Above: White-flesh of Chanterelles… Compare to Below (Orange flesh of Jacks):
Postage Stamps:
Halloween:
Poison Control Center:
Wild Mushroom WarningWild Mushroom Warning Mushroom Poisoning: Don’t …
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Poisonous and Non …Poisonous and Non-poisonous Plants An Illustrated List. deadly …
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Web results
A Closer Look at Mushroom Poisonings
room. The majority of calls to poison centers do not involve illness. … mushroom poisoning. … the investigation and control of fungal contamination in indoor.
Amanita phalloides-Type Mushroom Poisoning – NCBI – NIH
In the fall of 1981 the San Francisco Bay Area Regional Poison Control Center received more than 100 calls regarding wild mushroom ingestion. Ten cases …
Mushroom poisoning: retrospective analysis of 294 cases – NCBI – NIH
Mushroom poisoning constitutes the main portion of plant toxicities in Turkey. ….. 1998 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers toxic …
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